THE GENETIC REVOLUTION by Dr Patrick Dixon

References

Intro + summary  Chapter 1  Chapter 2  Chapter 3  Chapter 4  Chapter 5  Chapter 6  Chapter 7  Chapter 8  Chapter 9  References  HOME

AUTHOR's NOTE:  PRESS HERE FOR LATEST NEWS ON THESE ISSUES

Chapter 1

1         "Prospects for gene replacement therapy": Birth Defects; 1987(23)3;p297-32

5         Thomas Savery - first steam water pump for miners in 1698.James Watt patented his famous engine in 1769.Encyclopaedia Brittanica.

Chapter 2

10        "Molecular pathology of haemophilia":Q.J.Med;1987 (June);63(242);p473-9

20        "Genetic engineering of Factor 8":Nature;1989(Nov9)­342(6246);p207-8

30        "Artificial chromosomes":Scientific American;1987 Nov;257(5);p62-8

35        It is true that I am excluding here as elsewhere red blood cells which have no nucleus once released into the blood, and sperm or eggs with only 1,500,000,000 bases in them.

40        "Transgenic mice":Bioessays(1987)Feb;6(2);p73-6

50        "Germ line therapy and the clinical ethos of medical gen­etics":Theor.Med.1989(June);10(2);p151-65

Chapter 3

60        "When is cloning lawful?":J.In Vitro Fert Embryo Transf;1987(Aug)4(4);p198-204

70        "Cloning of cow and sheep embryos":Genome;1989(31)2;p956-62

90        "New knowledge and aspects in the use of biotechnol­ogy":2-Gesamte Inn. Med. 1986(May 1);41(9);p249-55

95        page 58

100       Personal communication 1985 Cambridge research worker

110       "Genetic engineering in transplant research":Transplant.Proc;1987(Feb 19);p36-9

120       Independent magazine: 20.4.91 pp26-30: "Mice as people"

130       "Biohazard":110 page document produced by National Anti-vivi­section Society in London in 1987.Quotes over 1000 scien­tific papers relating to deliberate transmission of lethal viruses from species to spe­cies in US primate centres in the 1960's and 1970's.

135       page 71

140       "Fetal tissue transplantation, bone marrow trans­plantation and prospective gene therapy in severe immunodeficiencies and enzyme defi­ciencies":Thymus;1987;10(1-2);p75-87

145       "A century of neurotransplantation in ani­mals":Neurochirurgie;1990;(36)2;p71-95

Chapter 4

150       "Claims on tissue plasminogen activator":Nature;1989(Jan 26);337(6205);p317-8

160       "Whose genes are they anyway?":Independent 6.5.91 p19

170       "Life forms protectable as subjects of US patents - microbes to animals":Applied Biochem.Biotechnology;­1987(Sep-Dec);16(6);p79-93

180       "Congress to weigh animal pat­ents":Science;1987;236(4805);p1058

190       "Patent office puts Genentech out in front":Nature 1987(Nov12-18);330(6144);p97

200       "Groups to fight the new genetic law":Independent 6.5.91 p1

210       "German moratorium urged":Science;1987 (Feb 13);235­(4790);p741

220       "Australian innovation covered by US pat­ent":Nature;1989 (Oct 12);341(6242);p473

230       "Biotechnology patents: Dupont battles with Cetus":­Nature;1989 (Nov 2);342(6245);p9

240       Example: "EC announces bovine hormone mora­torium":Nature;1989 (Sep 28);341(6240);p274

245       "Greens losing gene battle":Nature;1990(Aug 16);346­(6285);p601

250       "New genes for old":Scientific American;1988 (Feb);­258(2);p32, 34

260       "The polymerase chain reaction: an improved method for the analysis of nucleic acids":Hum.Genet.;1989 (Aug);83(1);p1-15

270       "Plasmids in the environment":Schrifteur-ver-Wasser-Boden-Lufthyg;1988;(78);p197-224  

280       "Plasmids: properties and use in genetic engineer­ing":Genetika;1986 (Aug);22(8);p2042-7

          (Russian)

290       page 87

295       "Gene escape model: transfer of heavy metal resis­tance genes from E.coli":App. Environ. Microbiol:19­90(Aug);56(8);p2471-9

296       "Problems and potential for in situ treatment of environmental pollutants by engineered micro-organ­isms":Microbiol Sci;1987(Feb);4(2);p59-63

297       "Biotechnological treatment of industrial waste water":Microbiol. Sci;1988(June);5(6);p186-90

300       page 89

305       page 89

310       "A high efficiency method for site-directed mutagen­esis with any plasmid":Gene;1989 (Dec 7);84(1);p153-7.Average yield of mutants was 60% with simple and rapid techniques.

320       "Monomeric Insulins obtained by protein engineering and their medical implications":Nature;1988 (June 16);333(6179);p679-82

330       "Saccharomyces expressing hepatitis B surface antigen":Postgrad.Med.Journal;1987(63 Sup 2);738;p­65-70

340       "Laboratory bench to production scale":Dev.Biol.Stand;1987;67(3);p201-6

350       "Electroporation: parameters affecting transfer of DNA into mammalian cells":Anal.Biochem;1987 (Jul);1­64(1);p44-52

360       "Electroporation for the efficient transfection of mammalian cells with DNA":Nucleic Acids Research;1987 (Feb 11);15(3);p1311-26.Other tech­niques also exist: "Gene replacement by homologous recombination in mammalian cells":Somat.Cell.Mol.Genetics;1987 (July);13(4);p447-9

          also "Electroporation as a technique for producing transgenic fish":Cell Differ Dev;1990 (Feb);29(2);p­123-8

370       "Electro-stimulated cell fusion in cell engineer­ing":Biofizika;1987 (Sep-Oct);32(5);p874-87

380       "Stable expression in mammalian cells of transfected genes using erythrocyte ghost fusion":Exp.Cell.Res;1987 (nov);173(1);p218-31

          There are many ways of doing this and improvements are being made all the time: "Targeted gene replace­ment (of mammal cells)":Somat.Cell Mol.Genet(US);19­90(Sept);16(5);p437-41

390       "An alternative approach to somatic cell gene ther­apy":Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA;1988 (May);85(9);p3150-4

400       "Production methods and safety evaluations of cytok­ines":Dev.Biol.Stand;1988(69);p193-7

410       "Gene replacement and expression of foreign DNA in mycobacteria":Journal of Bacteriology;1990 (Feb);17­2(2);p519-24

420       "Expression of a multidrug resistance - adenosine deaminase fusion gene":Journal of Biol.Chem.;1989 (May 5);264(13);7418-24

430       "Regulation of Insulin-gene expression.Implica­tions for gene therapy":N.Engl.J.Med;1987 (Oct 22);­317(17);p1067-76

440       "The molecular pathology of haemo­philia":Q.J.Med;1987 (Jun);63(242);p473-91

450       "The human as an experimental system in molecular gen­etics":Science;1988 (Jun 10);240(4858);1483-8

455       "Discovery of gene could ai mental handicap screen­ing":Independent;1.6.91

460       Independent April 1991

462       "Discovery of the gene defect in cystic fibrosis: implications for diagnosis and treat­ment":Clin.Pharm(US);1990(Sept);9(9);p716-7

470       "Who owns the human genome?":Science;1987 (Jul 24);­237(4813);p358-61

475       "Ethical issues in human genome research":FASEB J;1991;5(1);p55-60

480       "Biotechnology and the medicine of the future":JAMA;1988 (Mar 23);259(12);1837-44

490       "General approach to the engineering of synthetic DNA":Bioorg-Khim;1985 (Nov);11(11);p1533-46

492       The Science Museum in West Kensington is well worth a visit.There is an excellent genetic engineering exhibition on the second floor with three dimension­al molecules of DNA and virus particles as well as some very clear displays on monoclonal antibody production and reading/writing DNA.Admission is free from 4.30-6.00 p.m. Monday to Sunday.

493       "Clone 3: plasmid drawing and clone management soft­ware pro­gram for microcomputers":Biotechniques;1990 (Jun);8(6);p690-3

494       "Plasmid optimised for protein design projects":Gene (Nether­lands);1990 (Sept 28);94(1);-1-7

495       "DNA amplification by the polymerase chain reac­tion":Anal.Chem;1990 (Jul);62(13);p1202-14

500       "Mendelian inheritance in man": Professor Victor McKusick, John Hopkins University USA 1990

510       Independent 26.2.91

520       "The truth about human genome research":letter Inde­pendent 3.3.91

525       "Down on the pharm.Animal developers seeking bet­ter beasts breed controversy":Scientific Ameri­can;1990(Aug);263(2);p102-3

 530       "The human as an experimental system in molecular gen­etics":Science;1988 (Jun 10);240(4858);p1483-8

535       "Retrovirus vectors for mammalian engineer­ing":Microbiol.Sci;1984(Nov);1(8);p210

540       "Identification in transgenic animals of the Drosophila sequences required for embryonic dorsal pattern forma­tion":Genes Dev;1987 (Aug);1(6);p615-25

550       "The Frankenstein thing: the moral impact of genetic engineer­ing of agricultural animals on society and future science":Basic Life Sci;1986(37);p285-97

560       "Transgenic live­stock":J.Reprod.Fertil.Suppl;1987;34(1-4);p237-50

570       "'Artificial' chromosomes":Naturwissenschaffen;1987 (Feb);74(2);p78-85 (German)

Chapter 5

580       "Life forms protectable as subjects of US patents - microbes to animals":Applied Biochem.Biotechnol;1987 (Sep-Dec);16(6);p79-93

585       "Agrobacterium in plant disease, biological disease control and plant genetic engineering":Sci.Prog; 1990;74(293 pt1);p1-13

590       "Advanced in gene engineering of microorgan­isms":Genetika;1987 (Oct);23(10);p1741-8 (Russian)

600       BBC2 television documentary April 1991

610       "Safety testing of novel food products created by biotechnology and genetic manipulation":Biotechnol. Genet.Eng.Rev;1987;5(5);p369-95

615       "Genetic engineering of plants for virus resis­tance":Arch.Virol;1990;115(1-2);p1-21  

620       "Increased insecticidal effect by a recombinant baculovirus carrying a synthetic hormone gene":Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun;1989 (Dec 29);165(­3);p1177-83

625       "Construction of genetically engineered baculovirus insecti­cides":J.Gen.Virol;1990(Jun);71(pt7);p1535-44

630       "Genetic engineers aim for the apple of their eye": Indepen­dent 16.1.91

640       "Genetic engineering of.....chicken growth hor­mone":Mol.Biol(Mosk);1987 (Nove-DEc);21(6);p1620-4 (Russian)

648       "Vectors and genes for improvement of animal strains":J.Reprod.Fertil.Suppl;1990;(41);p39-49

650       "EC passes hormone for cows":Independent 27.3.91;p3

651       "Animal husbandry and biotechnology":Tijdschr Dierg­eneeskd;1987 (Jan 1);112(1);p9-15 (Dutch)

660       "BST safety hurdle provides test case for biotechno­logy":Independent 26.11.90

670       "New approaches to animal vaccines utilising genetic engineer­ing":Crit.Rev.Microbiol;1988;15(3);p269-95

680       "Embryo sexing of farm animals":Dev.Biol (NY 1985);­1986;4;p195-216

690       "Characterisation of transgenic livestock produc­tion":Domest.Anim.Endocrinol;1990 (Jan);7(1);p1-18

700       "Life forms protectable as subjects of US patents - microbes to animals":Appl.Biochem.Biotechnol;1987 (Sep-Dec);16(6);p79-93

710       "Gene transfer into mouse embryos":Devel.Biol (NY 1985):1986:4:p1-36

720       "Progress on gene transfer in farm ani­mals":Vet.Immunol.Immunopathol;1987 (Dec);17(1-4);p­303-12

730       "Genetic transformation of animal germ cells by microinjection of the cloned genes into the pronuclei or into the early embryos":Ontogenez;1985 (Nov-Dec);16(6);p553-67 (Russian)

740       "The role of transgenic animals in the analysis of various biological aspects of normal and pathologi­cal states":Exp.Cell.Res;1989 (Aug);183(2);p257-76

750       "Alteration of milk composition using molecular gen­etics":Journal of Dairy Science;1989 (Oct);72(10­);p2826-33

760       "Future developments in the manipulation of growth in farm animals":Vet.Rec;1987(May 23);120(21);p495-9

765       "Animal production industry in the year 2000":J.Rep­rod.Fertil.Suppl;1990;(41);p199-208

770       "Transgenic livestock":J.Reprod.Fertil. Suppl;1987;­34(1-4);p237-50

780       "Electroporation as a new technique for producing transgenic fish":Cell Differ Dev;1990 (Feb);29(2);p­123-8

790       "Production of transgenic rabbits by microinjection of a gene into fertilised rabbit oocytes":DTW;1987 (Sep);94(8);p476-8

800       "Cloning of sheep and cow embryos":Genome;1989;(31)2;p956-62

805       "New animal breeding techniques and their applica­tion":J.Reprod.Fert.Suppl;1990;(41);p3-14

810       "Genetic engineering:modified yeasts fine for food":Nature;1990 (Mar 15);344(6263);p186

820       "Modified yeast fine for food":Nature;1990 (Mar 15);344(6263);p186

830       "Genetic engineeering of ethanol production in Esch­erichia coli":Appl.Envirnomental Microbology;1987 (Oct);53(10);p2420-5

Chapter 6

840       "Human gene therapy: possibilities and limita­tions":Experiention;1987 (Apr 15);43(4);p375-8

          also "Genetics and the future of medicine" S­o­m­a­t­.­C­e­l­l­.­M­o­l­.­G­e­n­e­t­i­c­s­;­1­987 (­J­u­l­)­;­1­3­(­4­)­;­p­485-9

845       "Recombinant DNA and Surgery":Ann.Surg;1990 (Aug);2­12(2);p178-86

          "Surgeons will need to understand basic DNA research .... to keep up with the revolution in medical ther­apies that these techniques will cause."

850       "Cancer test on foetus at 10 weeks":Independent 24.11.90

860       "Disfiguring gene found by scientists":Independent 19.2.91

870       "Family link to breast cancer":Independent 19.2.91

875       "Discovery of gene could aid mental handicap screen­ing:Independent;1.6.91

880       "From bench to bedside - the impact of the transfer of new biology to clinical prac­tice":Clin.Invest.Med;1988 (Aug);11(4);p315-20

890       "The good news - and the bad - about gene therapy pros­pects":Science;1987 (Apr 3);236(4797);p29-30

900       "The shape of drugs to come":BMA News Review;1983

          also "Gene technology and the drugs of tomorrow": Pharm.Weekly(Sci);1990 (Feb 23);12(1);p6-10

910       "Protein engineering and design":Philos.Trans.R.Soc.Lond(Biol);1989 (Aug 31); 342(1224);p447-60

920       Redesigning trypsin via genetic engineering":Journal of Cell Biochemistry;1987 (Mar);33(3);p199-211

930       "Genetically engineered drugs:toxicology with a differ­ence":Prog.Clin.Biol.Res;1987;235(9);p161-7

940       "Human EGF produced by genetic engineer­ing":Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun;1989 (Sep 15); 163(­2);p1100-6

950       "Implantation of fibroblasts transfected with human granulocyte colony stimulating factor DNA":Blood;19­89 (Sep);74(4);p1274-80

960       "Periplasmic secretion of human growth hormone by Escherichia coli":Biochem Soc.Trans;1989 (Apr);17(2­);p335-7

970       "Characterisation of crystals of genetically engin­eered human manganese superoxide dismutase":Journal of Mol.Biol;1989 (Apr 20);206(4);p787-8

980       "Claims on tissue plasminogen activator":Nature;1989 (Jan 26);337(6205);p317-8

990       "Approaches to gene therapy in disorders of purine metab­olism":Rheum.Dis.Clin.North Am;1988 (Aug);14(2­);p459-77

1000      "Monomeric Insulins obtained by protein engineering and their medical implications":Nature;1988 (June 16);333(6174);p679-8 

1010      "Human H-chain ferritins - expression in E.coli":Fe­bs - Lett;1988 (Jul 4);234(1);p61-4

1020      "Stabilising basic fibroblast growth factor using protein enigneering":Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun;1988 (Mar 15);151(2);p701-8

1030      "Human calmodulin expression in E.coli":Protein Eng;1988 (Oct);2(4);p307-11

1040      "Genetic engineering of Factor 8":Nature;1989 (Nov 9);342(6246);p207-8

1050      "E.coli in biotechnology":Wein.Med.Wochenschr;1986 (Apr 30);136(7-8);p158-62 (German)

1060      "Gene engineered somatogen":Antibiot.Med.Biotekhnol­;1986 (Nov);31(11);p841-5

1070      "Court blocks German biotech plant":Science;1989 (Nov 17);246(4932);p881

1080      BBC2 television documentary April 1991

1090      "Gene replacement and expresison of foreign DNA in mycobacteria":Journal of Bacteriology;1990 (Feb);17­2(2);p519-24

1100      Human cell models for genetic engineer­ing":Mod.Prog.Technol;1989;(15)1-2;p83-100

1110      "Human adenosine deaminase from insect lar­vae":Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA;1990 (Apr);87(7); p2760-4

1120      "Stimulation and inhibition of the growth of mice carrying the human growth hormone gene":Bink.Eksp.Biol.Med;1986 (Sep);102(9);p339-42 (Russian)

1130      "Gene genies":Brit.J.of Pharm.Pract;1990 (Aug);p267

1140      "Present status of recombinant clotting fac­tors":Haemophilia Society Bulletin;1991(Feb);p6-7

1150      "Impact of genetic engineering on the commercial production of antibiotics by streptomyces and related bacteria":Appl.Biochem.Biotechnol;1987 (Sep-Dec);16(6);p169-90

1160      "Antibiotics: opportunities for genetic engin­eers":Philos.Trans.R.Sco.Lond.(Biol);1989 (Aug 31);­324(1224);p549-62

1168      "Genetically engineered monoclonal anti­bodies":Br.J.Rheumatol;1991;30 Supp 2;p36-9

1170      "Strategies for controlling cancer through gen­etics":Cancer Res;1987 (Dec 15);47(24pt1);p6814-7

1180      "Genetically engineered antobody molecules: new tools for cancer therapy":Cancer Invest;1988;6(2);185-92

1182      "Use of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of cancer of the pancreas: towards new prog­ress":Bull.Cancer 1990;(77)3;p283-8

1190      "Lifespan extension of basal cel nevus syndrome fibroblasts by transfection with mouse pro or v-myc genes":International Journal of Cancer;1987 (May 15);39(5);p649-55

1200      "Gene therapy may have future role in cancer treat­ment":Journal of the American Medical Associ­ation(JAMA);1987 (Jan 9);257(2);p150-1

1210      "Genetic swaps may halt cancer":Independent;18.2.91

1220      "Scientists identify a genetic link in can­cers":Independent;23.3.90

1230      "Local administration of cells containing an inserted IL-Z gene and producing IL-Z inhibits of human tumours in nu/nu mice":Immunol.Lett;1988 (Dec­);19(4);p279-82

1240      "Engineering moncolonal antibodies":Nature;1989 (Nov 2);342(6245);p99-100

1250      "Genetically engineered antibody molecules and their applica­tion":Ann.NY.Acad.Science;1987;507(10);   p187-98

1260      "Genetically engineered anti­bodies":Hosp.Pract.Off;1989 (Oct);24(10);p65-9,77-4,77-80

1270      "Potential risks of tumour virus subgenomes in the production of biologicals":Dev.Biol.Stand;1987;68(2-3);p51-62

1280      "Risk of neoplastic transformation from cellular DNA: calcula­tions using an oncogene mode":Dev.Biol,Stand;1987;68(2-3);p43-9

1290      "Antibody engineering":Philos.Trans.R.Soc.Lond (Biol);1989 (aug 31);3774(47);p537-46

1295      "Antibody engineering and perspectives in ther­apy":Biochemie;1990(Sep);72(9);p639-51

1300      "Genetically engineered antibodies":Clinical Cehm;1­989 (Sep);35(9);p1849-53

1310      "Seeding of intravascular stents with genetically engineered endothelial cells":Circulation;1989 (Nov­);80(5);p1347-53

1315      "Introduction of vascular smooth muscle cells expre­ssing recombinant genes in vivo":Circulation;1991;83(2);p578-83

1320      "New tchnology of vaccine production":Nippon Rinsho­;1987 (Oct);45(10);p2333-41 (Japanese)

1325      "Genetic engineering applied to the development of vac­cines":Philos.Trans.R.Soc.Lond (Biol):1989 (aug 31);324(1224);p461-76

1330      "The third generation vaccines":Padiatirc-Padol;198­6;21(2);p197-204

1340      Product name: Engerix B.Vaccine contains 20 micrograms of hepatitis B sufrace antigen protein, costing ?30 per course of three injections.Product sheet: Smith Kline and Trench Laboratories 9.1.91

1350      "Immunisation against infectious disease":Her Maj­esties Stationery Office (HMSO), London 1990

1360      "Engineering bacterial toxins for the development of a new vaccine against whooping cough":Parmacol.Res;1989 (Nov-Dec);21 Suppl 2;p19-25

1363      "Recombination in vivo of pseudorabies vaccine strains to produce new virus strains";Vaccine;1990 (Jun);8(3);p286-8

1365      "Immunisation against malaria:present knowledge": Med.Trop(Mars);1990(Jan-Mar);50(1);p137-41

1367      "Gene replacement in parasitic proto­zoa":Nature;1990(Nov 8);348(6297);p171-5

1368      "Construction of a bivalent oral vaccine for preven­tion of typhoid fever and cholera diar­rhoea":Sci.China;1990 (Jan);33(1);p44-9

1370      "The new way to put on genes":Independent April 1991

1380      "Somatic gene therapy for human disease: background and pros­pects":Journal of Paediatrics;1987 (Feb);11­0(2);p167-74

1390      "Future developments in phenylketonuria":Enzyme;1987;38(1-4);p296-301

1400      "Prospects for correction of thalassemia by genetic engineer­ing":Prog.Clin;Biol.Res;1989;309;p141-59

1410      "Majority of mice show long term expression of a human beta-globin gene after retrovirus transfer into hematopoietic stem cells":Mol.Cell.Biol;1989 (Apr);9(4);p1476-34

1420      "Psychiatry, molecular genetics and ethics: the new dis­coveries and the new issues":Aust. NZ Journal of Psychia­try;1989 (Mar);73(1);p67-72

1430      "Gene transfer into mouse embryos":Dev.Biol.(NY 1985);1986;4;p1-36

1440      "Gene transfer into primates and prospects for gene therapy in humans":Prog.Nucleic Acid Res.Mol.Biol;1­989;(36);p311-22

1450      "Progress towards human gene therapy":Science;1989 (Jun 16);244(4910);p1275-81

1460      "Aerosols may soon be used to treat cyctic fibro­sis":Independent 21.11.90

Chapter 7

1470      "Search for an immune response that counts":New Scien­tist;27.4.91

1480      "Putting candidate vaccines through their paces":New Scien­tist;27.4.91

1490      "AIDS deaths blamed on immune therapy":New Scien­tist;p38

?         "AIDS vaccines: what chance of a fair trial?":New Scien­tist;27.4.91;p33-35

1500      "Applying the PDR principle to AIDS":J.Theor;Biol;1988 (Feb 21);130(4);469-80

1505      "A putative approach for gene therapy against human immunodeficiency virus":Med. Hypotheses;1990 (Jun);­32(2);p81-4

1510      Several methods exist e.g. "Gene transfer into mam­malian cells by electroporation":Tanpakushitsu Kaku­san Koso;1987 (Jan);32(1);p10-21 (Japanese)

1520      "Implantation of genetically engineered fibroblasts into mice: implications for gene ther­apy":Science;1987 (May 8);236(4802);p714-8

          This approach is known technically as "Transkaryotic implanta­tion".

1530      "Adult mammalian hepatocyte as target cell for retr­oviral gene transfer - a model for gene ther­apy":Somat.Cell.Mol.Genetics;1987 (Jul);13(4);p423-8

1540      "Retroviral....gene transfer in....primates follow­ing...bone marrow transplantation": Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sc­i;1987;511(8);p406-17

1550      "A genetically engineereed cell line that produces empty capsids of BA (human) parvovirus":Proc.Nation­al Acad.Science USA'1989 (Oct);86(19);p7601-5

1560      "Gene transfer: a potential approach to gene therapy for sickle cell dis­ease":Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci;1989;(565);p37-43

1565      "Secretion of virus-like gag particles of HIV-2 from recombi­nant baculovirus-infected insect cells":Virology(US);1990 (Dec);179(2);p874-80

1570      "Gene transfer to primary normal and malignant human hemopoietic progenitors using recombinant retroviru­ses":Blood;1987(Feb);69(2);p611-7

1580      "Gene transplant therapy in girl 'achieving success­';Indpendent;20.2.91

1590      "Gene Genies":B.Journal of Pharm.Pract;1990 (Aug);p­267  

Chapter 8

1600      "Hazards of genetic engineering":Nature;1987 (Mar 26);326(6111);p326

          also "Stop all further extensions of production using genetic technology":Sygeplejersken;1987 (Sep 2);87(36);p30-1

1600b     The use of genetic engineering in veterinary medi­cine with examples from epidemiology, diagnosis and drug produc­tion":TierarzH Prax;1990 (Apr);18(2);p99-108

1610      "NATO recommendations for a scientific approach to safety assurance for environemntal introductions of genetically engineered organisms":Rom.Recomb.DNA Tech.Bull;1987(Dec);10(4);p115-22

          also "Britain regulates organism release":Nature;1989(Oct 26);341(6244);p681

1620      "Can we guarantee the safety of genetically engin­eered organ­isms in the environ­ment?";Crit.Rev.Biotechnol;1988;(8)1;p85-97

1625      "Agrobacterium in plant diseasem biological disease control and plant genetic engineering":Sci.Prog; 1990;74(293 pt 1);p1-13

1630      "Growth of geentically engineered pseudomonas aenig­inosa and pseudomonas putida in soil and rhizosphere":Appl.Environ.Microbiol;1989(Dec); 55(1­2);p3243-6

1640      "Domesticated bacteria or Andromeda strains?":Bioessays;1987(Aug);7(2);p87

1650      "Model to predict aerial dispersal of bacteria duri­gn environ­mental release":Appl.Environ. Microbiol; 1989(Oct);55(10);p2641-7

1656      "Survival of bacteria during aerosolisation":Appl. Environ Microbiol;1990;56(11);p3463-7

1658      "Effect of aerosolisation on subsequent bacterial survivial":Appl.Environ.Microbiol;1990 (Nov);56(11)­;p3468-72

1660      "Transport of a genetically engineered pseudomonas fluorosens strain through a soil micro­cosm":Appl.Environ.Microbiol;1990(Feb);56(2); p401-8

1665      "Small scale field testing of the genetically engin­eered LacZY marker":Regul.Toxicol.Parmacol;1990 (Jun);11(3);p253-61

1670      "Can we guarantee safety of genetically engineered organisms in the environ­ment?":Crit.Rev.Biotechnol;1988;(8)1;p85-97

1672      "Microcosm for assessing survival of genetically engineered micro-organisms in aquatic environ­ments":App.Environ.Microbiol;1990 (Apr);56(4);p977-83

1680      "Unauthorised release upsets EPA":Nature;1987(Aug);­328(6132)p659

          also "West German release of altered bacteria causes furor":Naure;1987(Aug);328(6131);p568

1690      "Evolutionary principles and the regulation of engi­

neereed bacteria":Genome;1989;31(2);p864-9

1700      "Alteration of the Meno virus through genetic engineer­ing":Nature;1990(Feb 1);343(6257);p474-6.Work being applied to development of a vaccine for foot and mouth disease.

1710      Independent magazine;20.4.91;p30

1720      "Problems of safety in biotechnology.Products of genetic engineering and regulation of work with them":Mil.Gen.Mikrobiol.Virusol;1987(Sep);52(9);p3-10 (Rus­sian)

1725      "Biosafety considerations in industries with production methods based on the use of recombinant DNA":Scand.J.Work.Environ.Health;1990;(16)2;p85-95

1730      "Production methods and safety evaluation of cytokines":Devel.Biol.Stand;1988;(69);p193-7

1740      "Electroporation as a new technique for producing transgenic fish (rainbow trout)":Cell Differ.Dev;1990(Feb);29(2);p123-8  

1750      "Sex preselection":British Journal of Hospital Medi­cine;1987(Feb);37(2);p149,151-2,154-5

          also "Clinical relevance of sex selection tech­niques":Fertil.Steril;1989(Dec);52(6);p891-905

1760      "Sex preselection in humans by enrichment of X or Y chromosome bearing spermatozoa":Andrologia;1987(Mar-Apr);19(2);p157-60

1770      "Sex preselection in New York city: who chooses which sex and why?":Int.J.Fertil;1989(Sep-Oct);34(5);p353

1780      "Transgenic livestock":J.Reprod.Fertil.Suppl; 1987;34(1-4);p237-50

1790      "Biosynthetic hormone and the opinions of paediatricians":Arch.Fr.Paediatr;1986(Oct);43(8); p617-20

Chapter 9

1800      "Current trends in biomedical ethics in the USA":Bol.of Sant.Panam;1990(May-Jun);108(5-6);p550-5

1810      "The role of human genetics in society: implications for legal involvement":Med.Law (Germany);1990;9(3);p930-8

1820      "Ethical issues in human genome research":FASEBJ;1991;5(1);p55-60

1830      "Potential hazards of biotechnology: the viewpoint from the United Kingdom":Biotechnol.App.Biochem; 1988(Dec);10(6);p483-7

1840      "Britain's genetic manipulation regulations to be extended":Nature;1987 (Oct 1-7);329(6138);p379

          also "New advisory board approved":Nature;1989(Oct 26);341(6244);p681

1850      "Ethical issues in human genetic technol­ogy":Paediatrician;1990;17(2);p100-7

1860      In the US for example:"Genetic engineering guidelines (upgraded)":Microbiol.Sci;1984;1(5); p131-2 h

1870      "Recombination in vivo of pseudorabies vaccine straings to produce new virus strains":Vaccine;1990(Jun);8(3);p286-8

1880      "Prenatal screening: when and for whom?":J.Gen.Intern.Med(US);1990(Sep-Oct);5;p542-6

1890      "Ethics and medical genetics in the United States: a national survey":Am.J.Med.Genet;1988(Apr);29(A);p815-27

          Survey contains many other interesting results re. ethical attitudes.

1900      "Primary prevention of colorectal cancer - WHO collaborating centre":Bulletin of WHO;1990;(68)3;p377-85

1910      "New Danish law: human life begins at conception":J. Med.Ethics;1988(Jun);14(2);p77-8

1920      "New reproductive technologies in the treatment of human infertility and genetic dis­ease":Theor.Med;1990(Jun);11(2);p103-10

1930      "Limits to genetic intervention in humans:somatic and germ line":CIBA Found.Symp;1990;(149);p81-6, 87-9

1940      "Genetic engineering: new law is overdue":Nature;1989(Nov 16);342(6247);p218

          also "Genetic engineering; new law needs changes made":Nature;1990(Jan 25);343(6256);p298

          "Recombinant DNA regulation.India opts for self con­trol":Nature;1990(Feb 22);343(8260);p680